Matlab scalar functions: sin(x), cos(x), tan(x), atan(x), acos(x), asin(x), exp(x), log(x), sqrt(x), sign(x), fix(x), round(x)
Matlab vector functions: Scalar functions can be applied, and there are numerous other vector functions: length(x), sum(x) , mean(x). Look at the Matlab manual for additional functions.
The commands grid, zoom in, for viewing / handling plots.

Iterations,

for i=a:k:b
   statement
   statement	
   statement	
end

Examples: Series summation:

n = input(' Give the number of terms of the series f(i) to be added ');
s=0; 
for x=1:n 
s = s + f(x); 
end

The above assumes that the function f(x) is known.

If statements. Syntax:

if .............
   statement
   statement
   statement
end

if .............
   statement
   statement
else
   statement
   statement
end

If statements can also be nested, for example

if .............
   statement
   if .......
       statement
   else
       statement
   end
   statement
else
   statement
   statement
end