VU Math: Intro to Our Computer Systems

A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE
WORLD WIDE WEB

What is it? -- Why use it? -- How to use it here





What are the Internet and the World Wide Web?

Computers that are hooked together for fast communication form a network. For instance, most of the computers owned by our department form a local area network, or LAN. This enables us to share resources, such as printers, hard disk space, and files. Most of the LANs in the world are hooked together into one big network, called the internet. Through the internet, we can transmit email and exchange files.

The two parts of the internet that have become most popular are email and the World Wide Web, or WWW. Those two parts are related -- you can use the WWW as a tool to help you with your email -- but they can be understood separately. The web is a collection of computer files -- called "web pages," mostly written in the language "html" -- that are accessible through the internet using communications programs called "web browsers," such as Lynx, Mosaic, Netscape, and Explorer. These programs are very easy to use, and web pages are easy to create. Consequently the World Wide Web has become very popular; it has been growing very rapidly since the introduction of Lynx in 1992 and Mosaic in 1993. If you're interested, here are some links to the history of the internet. If you tape some papers to your office door, they can be read by anyone who walks by. The World Wide Web is like an enormous collection of office doors. However, unlike the paper taped to your door, your web pages can contain electronic information -- e.g., files and programs. Moreover, your office door is rather limited in size, but you can keep adding to your web pages, and you can organize them in very sophisticated ways. Some indexing systems that are built into the web make it possible for people to find just the information they're seeking.

Dealing with the World Wide Web really involves two separate, very different activities:

The two activities require different kinds of software -- browsers and editors -- though most modern browsers, such as Netscape and Explorer, include at least rough editors.



Why should you want to use the World Wide Web?

Here are some things you'll find when BROWSING:
  • big collections of preprints
  • some journals in their entirety
  • tables of contents of other journals
  • on-line conferences
  • news and weather
  • on-line books, magazines, etc.
  • dictionaries, other references
  • maps, currency converters, other travel info
  • keyword searches
  • downloadable software -- free or trial
  • and entertainment, too.
Here are some things you might consider POSTING:
  • Your office hours, telephone number, teaching schedule, e-mail address, paper mail address, and other information which makes it easy for people to contact you.
  • A schedule of future quizzes and tests, and/or a list of the homework assignments you've already given out, for the course you're presently teaching. This may be helpful to your students, and they won't bother you with quite so many unnecessary phone calls.
  • Answers to past quizzes, tests, homework assignments.
  • A list of some or all of your publications. You can even post the papers themselves. Once your colleagues learn how to download your posted files, you won't have to bother mailing them paper copies; the electronic version is actually easier to store. This system also makes your papers available to people you don't know; thus your papers are no longer limited to an "old boys' network" of colleagues.



How do you use the World Wide Web in our department?

BROWSING:

http://www.math.vanderbilt.edu/links/ is a good place to start your browsing. That is our department's "bookmark page", or "internal home page". It is devoted to information for our department's faculty, graduate students, and staff -- it contains links that our department's members will find useful on an everyday basis.

Graphical browsers. Use one of the X-terminals in our computer room, and log onto your accout on Artemis or Atlas. Then type "netscape" or "mosaic". (Note that those commands are all in lowercase letters.) This will start up the Netscape or Mosaic program. These programs are mouse-driven, so they're mostly self-explanatory. Links show up on the screen as underlined words or phrases; click on a link to go there. Click on the "help" button if you need help. Netscape is also available on the Macintoshes in our computer room, and on the terminals in the library and in the computer building. By the way, you may want to adjust the options/preferences on your own copy of Netscape, so that it always starts by loading the "internal home page" mentioned in the paragraph above; that will probably be more useful to you than the Netscape company's home page.

Text browser. Lynx works even with very old equipment -- e.g., over a slow modem, from a slow computer at home. It's like Netscape without the pictures. See detailed instructions on another page.

Browsers: 
Netscape, Explorer, Opera, Lynx, more, Plug-ins, Cookies, Webwasher, MathML, Mozilla, (latest, math)
Portals: 
Yahoo, Jeeves, About, AltaVista, Go, Lycos
POSTING:

http://www.math.vanderbilt.edu/ is the URL that we advertise to outsiders as our (external) "home page". It is devoted to information about our department. Our department's webmaster maintains that page and many subpages.

In addition, individual members of our department may post their own web pages. (The webmaster and secretaries will maintain web pages for faculty members who don't want to bother, but we prefer that all department members maintain their own web pages and we encourage them to do so.)

How do you write a web page? Well, the language is HTML, or HyperText Markup Language. Take a look at the very brief introduction to markup languages.

To write a very basic HTML page, you really don't need to know much of the HTML language -- just take a web page similar to the one you want, copy it, and edit it to suit your own needs. For instance, copy some other person's web page, change the name to your name, change the phone number to your phone number, etc. Or, start from a copy of our departmental template. Then edit it according to these simple instructions, using whatever is your favorite texteditor.

Optional: You can put forms on your web pages; here are instructions and an example. We also have programs for converting your mathematical documents to gifs. If you want to get fancier, here are some links you may find helpful:

Beginners' tutorials by: 
Raggett, Michele, Casha.
General resources: 
VU, WebSiteWave.Net, 1001 Free, Monkey, WebDev, WDVL, WebReference, Devshed, Devhead, Prana3
HTML guides: 
Rutter, Schluter, O'Sullivan
Free HTML editors: 
Links and reviews at freewareworld.com
Tips/style: 
Alertbox, Morkes/Nielsen, Wdvl
Tuneup: 
Anybrowser, Garage
Publicize: 
Easy Submit



A VU Math web page, updated 9 Dec 2000 by the webmaster.